Difference between revisions of "Bessel J"
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| − | <strong>Theorem:</strong> Bessel functions $J_{\nu}$ and $Y_{\nu}$ are independent solutions of the second-order differential equation | + | <strong>Theorem:</strong> Bessel functions $J_{\nu}$ and $Y_{\nu}$ are independent solutions of the second-order [[differential equation]] |
$$z^2 y'' + zy' + (z^2-\nu^2)y=0.$$ | $$z^2 y'' + zy' + (z^2-\nu^2)y=0.$$ | ||
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Revision as of 21:35, 11 April 2015
Bessel functions (of the first kind) of order $\nu$, $J_{\nu}$, have a power series expansion $$J_{\nu}(z)=\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \dfrac{(-1)^k}{k! \Gamma(k+\nu+1)2^{2k+\nu}}z^{2k+\nu}.$$
- Besseljintegerorder.png
$J_n$ where $n=0,1,\ldots,5$ plotted on $[-10,10]$.
- Complexbesselj0.png
Domain coloring of $J_0$ in $\mathbb{C}$.
- Complexbesselj5.png
Domain coloring of $J_5$ in $\mathbb{C}$.
Bessel functions of the second kind are defined via the formula $$Y_{\nu}(z)=\dfrac{J_{\nu}(z)\cos(\nu \pi)-J_{-\nu}(z)}{\sin(\nu \pi)}.$$
Contents
Properties
Theorem: Bessel functions $J_{\nu}$ and $Y_{\nu}$ are independent solutions of the second-order differential equation $$z^2 y + zy' + (z^2-\nu^2)y=0.$$
Proof: █
Theorem: The following formula holds: $$zJ_{\nu}'(z)=\nu J_{\nu}(z) - z J_{\nu+1}(z).$$
Proof: █
Theorem: The following formula holds: $$\dfrac{d}{dz}[z^{-\nu}J_{\nu}(z)] = -z^{-\nu}J_{\nu+1}(z).$$
Proof: █
Relations to other special functions
Theorem
The following formula holds: $$y_n\left( \dfrac{1}{ir} \right) = \left(\dfrac{\pi r}{2} \right)^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{ir} \left[ \dfrac{J_{n +\frac{1}{2}}(r)}{i^{n+1}}+i^nJ_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}(r) \right],$$ where $y_n$ denotes a Bessel polynomial and $J_{\nu}$ denotes the Bessel J.
Proof
References
Theorem
The following formula holds: $$J_{n +\frac{1}{2}}(r) = (2\pi r)^{-\frac{1}{2}} \left[\dfrac{e^{ir}}{i^{n+1}} y_n \left( -\dfrac{1}{ir} \right) + i^{n+1}e^{-ir}y_n\left( \dfrac{1}{ir} \right) \right],$$ where $J_{n+\frac{1}{2}}$ denotes a Bessel J, $\pi$ denotes pi, $i$ denotes the imaginary number, $e^{ir}$ denotes the exponential, and $y_n$ denotes a Bessel polynomial.
Proof
References
Theorem
The following formula holds: $$J_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}(r) = (2 \pi r)^{-\frac{1}{2}} \left[ i^n e^{ir} y_n \left( -\dfrac{1}{ir} \right)+ \dfrac{e^{-ir}}{i^n} y_n\left( \dfrac{1}{ir} \right) \right],$$ where $J_{-n-\frac{1}{2}}$ denotes a Bessel function of the first kind and $y_n$ denotes a Bessel polynomial.
Proof
References
Videos
Bessel Equation and Bessel functions
Mod-1 Lec-6 Bessel Functions and Their Properties-I
Bessel's Equation by Free Academy
Taylor Series, Bessel, single Variable Calculus, Coursera.org
Ordinary Differential Equations Lecture 7—Bessel functions and the unit step function
Laplace transform of Bessel function order zero
Laplace transform: Integral over Bessel function is one
Orthogonal Properties of Bessel Function, Orthogonal Properties of Bessel Equation
Links
Addition formulas for Bessel functions
Relations between Bessel functions by John D. Cook
