Difference between revisions of "Arctan"

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The $\mathrm{arctan}$ function is the inverse function of the [[tangent]] function.<br />
 
The $\mathrm{arctan}$ function is the inverse function of the [[tangent]] function.<br />
  
 
<div align="center">
 
<div align="center">
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
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File:Arctan.png|Graph of $\mathrm{arctan}$ on $[-1,1]$.
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File:Arctanplot.png|Graph of $\mathrm{arctan}$ on $[-20,20]$.
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File:Complex arctan.jpg|[[Domain coloring]] of the [[analytic continuation]] of $\mathrm{arctan}$.
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File:Complexarctanplot.png|[[Domain coloring]] of $\mathrm{arctan}$.
 
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=Properties=
 
=Properties=
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[[Derivative of arctan]]<br />
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<strong>Proposition:</strong>  
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[[Antiderivative of arctan]]<br />
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$\dfrac{d}{dz} \mathrm{arctan}(z) = \dfrac{1}{z^2+1}$
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[[Relationship between arctan and arccot]]<br />
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[[2F1(1/2,1;3/2;-z^2)=arctan(z)/z]]<br />
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<strong>Proof:</strong> If $\theta=\mathrm{arctan}(z)$ then $\tan \theta = z$. Now use [[implicit differentiation]] with respect to $z$ yields
 
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$$\sec^2(\theta)\theta'=1.$$
 
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The following triangle shows that $\sec^2(\mathrm{arctan}(z))=z^2+1$:
 
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[[File:Sec(arctan(z)).png|200px|center]]
 
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Substituting back in $\theta=\mathrm{arccos(z)}$ yields the formula
 
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$$\dfrac{d}{dz} \mathrm{arccos(z)} = \dfrac{1}{\sec^2(\mathrm{arctan(z)})} = \dfrac{1}{z^2+1}. █$$
 
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=References=
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<strong>Proposition:</strong>
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[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/InverseTangent.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Inverse Tangent." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/InverseTangent.html]
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$\displaystyle\int \mathrm{arctan}(z) = z\mathrm{arctan}(z) - \dfrac{1}{2}\log(1+z^2)+C$
 
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<strong>Proof:</strong> █
 
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=See Also=
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<strong>Proposition:</strong>
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[[Tangent]] <br />
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$\mathrm{arctan}(z) = \mathrm{arccot}\left( \dfrac{1}{z} \right)$
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[[Tanh]] <br />
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[[Arctanh]]
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<strong>Proof:</strong> █
 
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=References=
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{{:Inverse trigonometric functions footer}}
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[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/InverseTangent.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Inverse Tangent." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/InverseTangent.html]
 
  
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<center>{{:Inverse trigonometric functions footer}}</center>
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[[Category:SpecialFunction]]

Latest revision as of 02:46, 16 September 2016

The $\mathrm{arctan}$ function is the inverse function of the tangent function.

  • Graph of $\mathrm{arctan}$ on $[-20,20]$.

  • Domain coloring of $\mathrm{arctan}$.

Properties

Derivative of arctan
Antiderivative of arctan
Relationship between arctan and arccot
2F1(1/2,1;3/2;-z^2)=arctan(z)/z

References

Weisstein, Eric W. "Inverse Tangent." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/InverseTangent.html

See Also

Tangent
Tanh
Arctanh

Inverse trigonometric functions

Arcsin

Arccos

Arctan

Arccsc

Arcsec

Arccot
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